Control Assistance adjusts the outcome of player inputs to accommodate for inaccuracies due to latency.
The figure below depicts an example of one type of control assistance - "target magnetism". The blue avatar aims and shoots at the green avatar. Without assistance, the shot would miss, as indicated by the solid red line. However, with the target magnetism control assistance technique, the bullet trajectory is altered to bend towards the green avatar, making it easier for the blue player to hit the target. Other control assistance technique examples include "sticky targets" that reduce the cursor gain while near a target and "aim dragging" that cause the cursor to follow the direction of an intended target. The amount of assistance provided can be set proportional to the latency.
Regan L. Mandryk and Carl Gutwin, 2008. Perceptibility and Utility of Sticky Targets
Scott Bateman, Regan L. Mandryk, Tadeusz Stach and Carl Gutwin, 2011. Target Assistance for Subtly Balancing Competitive Play
Rodrigo Vicencio-Moriera, Regan Mandryk, Carl Gutwin and Scott Bateman, 2014. The Effectiveness (or Lack Thereof) of Aim-Assist Techniques in First-Person Shooter Games
Zenja Ivkovic, Ian Stavness, Carl Gutwin and Steve Sutcliffe, 2015. Quantifying and Mitigating the Negative Effects of Local Latencies on Aiming in 3D Shooter Games
Saeed Shafiee Sabet, Steven Schmidt, Saman Zadtootagha, Babak Naderi, Carsten Griwodz and Sebastian Moller, 2020. A Latency Compensation Technique Based on Game Characteristics to Mitigate the Influence of Delay on Cloud Gaming Quality of Experience
Shengmei Liu, Xiaokun Xu and Mark Claypool. A Survey and Taxonomy of Latency Compensation Techniques for Network Computer Games, ACM Computing Surveys, Article 243, Volume 54, Issue 11S, DOI https://doi.org/10.1145/3519023, September 9, 2022. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/lag-taxonomy/