While target selection in a 2D space is fairly well-studied, target selection in a 3D space, such as shooting in first-person shooter (FPS) games, is not, nor are the benefits to players for many latency compensation techniques. This paper presents results from a user study that evaluates the impact of latency and latency compensation techniques on 3D target selection via a bespoke FPS shooter. Analysis of the results shows latency degrades player performance (time to select/shoot a target), with subjective opinions on Quality of Experience (QOE) following suit. Individual latency compensation techniques cannot fully overcome the effects of latency but combined techniques can, letting players perform and feel as if there is no network latency. We derive a basic analytic model for the distribution of the player selection times which can be part of a simulation of a full-range of FPS games.

Materials:

• Paper: pdf
• Slides: pptx

See also:

• Shengmei Liu, Mark Claypool, Andy Cockburn, Ragnhild Eg, Carl Gutwin, and Kjetil Raaen. Datasets - Moving Target Selection with Delay, In Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys), Istanbul, Turkey, September 28 - October 1, 2021. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/selection-datasets/

• Shengmei Liu and Mark Claypool. Game Input with Delay - A Model of the Time Distribution for Selecting a Moving Target with a Mouse, In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on MultiMedia Modeling (MMM), Virtual Conference, June 22-24, 2021. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/selection-model/

• Mark Claypool, Andy Cockburn and Carl Gutwin. The Impact of Motion and Delay on Selecting Game Targets with a Mouse, ACM Transactions on Multimedia, Computing, Communication and Applications (TOMM), Volume 16, Number 2s, Article 73, May 2020. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/delay-motion-tomm/

• Mark Claypool. Game Input with Delay - Moving Target Selection with a Game Controller Thumbstick, ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM), Special Issue on Delay-Sensitive Video Computing in the Cloud, Volume 14, Number 3, Article 57, https://doi.org/10.1145/3187288, June 2018. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/delay-action-thumbstick/

• Mark Claypool, Ragnhild Eg and Kjetil Raaen. Modeling User Performance for Moving Target Selection with a Delayed Mouse, In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on MultiMedia Modeling (MMM), Reykjavik, Iceland, January 4-6, 2017. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/delay-action-mmm/

• Mark Claypool. On Models for Game Input with Delay - Moving Target Selection with a Mouse, In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM), (Invited Paper), San Jose, California, USA, December 11-13, 2016. Online at: http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~claypool/papers/delay-action-ism/