Data Types

int    i = 4;   // (32-bit) signed integer
double d = 2.0; // (64-bit) real number
char   c = 'x'; // '\n' is a character, too
char   c[30] = "This could be a string"; // character array = string
int    a[10];   // an array of 10 integers (indices from 0 to 9)
struct Person {
   char lastName[30];
   char firstName[20];
   int  yearOfBirth;
};               // a structure, containing several primitive data types

• The last character in a string is '\0', so a char c[30] fits strings of length up to 29.
• structs can hold sets of element data and can then be used just like the pre-defined data types. Declaring a variable of struct-type reserves memory for all elements. Access to an element is done with the .-operator. Example (with the struct above):

  
  Person onePerson;
  onePerson.lastName = "Doe";
  onePerson.firstName = "John";
  onePerson.yearOfBirth = 1972;
  

• Don't forget the semicolon after the struct definition.