1. Logic (2 weeks) 18th Jan 1.1 Historical Background 1 1.2 Representing Knowledge in Logic 11 1.3 Varieties of Logic 18 1.4 Names, Types, and Measures 29 1.5 Unity Amidst Diversity 39 2. Ontology (2 weeks) 1st Feb 2.1 Ontological Categories 51 2.2 Philosophical Background 55 2.3 Top-Level Categories 67 2.4 Describing Physical Entities 78 2.5 Defining Abstractions 89 2.6 Sets, Collections, Types, and Categories 97 2.7 Space and Time 109 3. Knowledge Representations (2 weeks) 15th Feb [Aaron] 3.1 Knowledge Engineering 132 3.2 Representing Structure in Frames 143 3.3 Rules and Data 156 3.4 Object-Oriented Systems 169 3.5 Natural Language Semantics 178 3.6 Levels of Representation 186 4. Processes (2 weeks) 1st Mar 4.1 Times, Events, and Situations 206 4.2 Classification of Processes 213 4.3 Procedures, Processes, and Histories 217 4.4 Concurrent Processes 223 4.5 Computation 232 4.6 Constraint Satisfaction 239 4.7 Change 245 5. Purposes, Contexts, and Agents (2 weeks) 15th Mar [Zhuo] 5.1 Purpose 265 5.2 Syntax of Contexts 274 5.3 Semantics of Contexts 284 5.4 First-Order Reasoning in Contexts 297 5.5 Modal Reasoning in Contexts 307 5.6 Encapsulating Objects in Contexts 321 5.7 Agents 330 6. Knowledge Soup (2 weeks) 29th Mar [Craig] 6.1 Vagueness, Uncertainty, Randomness, and Ignorance 348 6.2 Limitations of Logic 356 6.3 Fuzzy Logic 364 6.4 Nonmonotonic Logic 373 6.5 Theories, Models, and the World 383 6.6 Semiotics 394 7. Knowledge Acquisition and Sharing (2 weeks) 12th Apr [Janet] 7.1 Sharing Ontologies 408 7.2 Conceptual Schema 417 7.3 Accommodating Multiple Paradigms 427 7.4 Relating Different Knowledge Representations 438 7.5 Language Patterns 445 7.6 Tools for Knowledge Acquisition 452 |